Lotfi Zadeh: a Pioneer in AI, a Pioneer in Statistical Analysis, a Pioneer in Foundations of Mathematics, and a True Citizen of the World
نویسنده
چکیده
Everyone knows Lotfi Zadeh as the Father of Fuzzy Logic. There have been – and will be – many papers on this important topic. What I want to emphasize in this paper is that his ideas go way beyond fuzzy logic: • he was a pioneer in AI; • he was a pioneer in statistical analysis; and • he was a pioneer in foundations of mathematics. My goal is to explain these ideas to non-fuzzy folks. I also want to emphasize that he was a true Citizen of the World. 1 How Lotfi Zadeh Became an AI Pioneer Practical problem. Lotfi A. Zadeh was a specialist in control and systems. His textbook Linear System Theory: The State Space Approach (with Charles A. Desoer) was a classic [15]. It provided optimal solutions to many important control problems – optimal within the existing models. But, surprisingly, in many practical situations, “optimal” control was worse than control by human experts. Clearly, something was missing from the corresponding models. So Zadeh asked experts what is missing. Many experts explained what was wrong with the “optimal” control. However, these explanations were given in imprecise natural-language terms. For example, a expert driver can say: “if a car in front is close, and if this car slows down a little bit, then a driver should hit the breaks slightly.” Until Zadeh, engineers would try to extract precise strategy from the expert; they would ask an expert: • a car is 5 m close, and • it slows down from 60 to 55 km/h,
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